The ugriz Standard Star System
May 15, 2007 on 12:48 am | In Uncategorized |Smith et al. 2002, AJ, 123, 2121
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We present the newly established standard-star network for the u&arcmin;g&arcmin;r&arcmin;i&arcmin;z&arcmin; filter system (see Fukugita et al. 1996). This standard-star network was developed at the US Naval Observatory (USNO), Flagstaff Station. These stars form the basis for the photometric calibration of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The SDSS uses a 2.5 m telescope at Apache Point Observatory (APO) to produce a five-band, photometrically calibrated digital imaging survey of π steradians (10,000 deg2) of the northern Galactic cap (Gunn et al. 1998; York et al. 2000) as one of its major data products.
It is not our purpose here to describe in detail the full end-to-end process of calibrating the SDSS photometric data. That is the topic of a future paper. Here we merely wish to present a self-contained description of the standard-star network upon which the SDSS photometry is based. We do note, however, that one of the targets of the SDSS is to achieve a level of photometric uniformity and accuracy such that the systemwide rms errors in the final SDSS photometric catalog will be less than 0.02 mag in r&arcmin;, 0.02 mag in r&arcmin;-i&arcmin; and g&arcmin;-r&arcmin;, and 0.03 mag in u&arcmin;-g&arcmin; and i&arcmin;-z&arcmin;, for objects bluer than an M0 dwarf. To meet this target, internal goals were set for the accuracy of the primary standard star system: the uncertainty in the mean calibrated magnitudes for any given primary standard star should be ≤1.5% at u&arcmin;, ≤1% in g&arcmin;, r&arcmin;, and i&arcmin;, and ≤1.5% at z&arcmin;. As we will show later in this paper, we more than meet these goals for all but a handful of stars.
In addition, we must mention that because of small but significant differences between the USNO and 2.5 m filters, the final 2.5 m SDSS published photometry will likely differ systematically from the u&arcmin;g&arcmin;r&arcmin;i&arcmin;z&arcmin; system at the few-percent level for g&arcmin;r&arcmin;i&arcmin;, and slightly worse for u&arcmin; and z&arcmin; (see Stoughton et al. 2002). When transformation equations between the u&arcmin;g&arcmin;r&arcmin;i&arcmin;z&arcmin; system and the 2.5 m SDSS photometry have been robustly determined, they will be promptly made available to the astronomical community. (Note that the intended accuracy of these transformation equations is included within the aforementioned error budget for the photometric calibrations of the final SDSS imaging catalog.)
The nomenclature used in this system differs slightly from the traditional photometric literature. This was done to avoid confusion with existing SDSS papers and nomenclature. In the traditional sense, Vega (α Lyr) is the ultimate “fundamental” standard. However, in this paper we refer to three subdwarf stars that were used to set the initial system zero point as “fundamental,” with the other 155 stars of the system being referred to as “primary” stars. The term “secondary” is used within the SDSS nomenclature to refer to the photometric system transfer patches—pieces of the sky that are observed by a 0.5 m telescope that are used to transfer the photometric solution to the main survey imaging telescope.
In the following sections, we present details of the standard-star development program. We describe the instrumentation and filter system in § 2 and selection of the initial set of stars in § 3, and we give a brief overview of the reduction software that was used to develop the network in § 4. Final results for the initial set of u&arcmin;g&arcmin;r&arcmin;i&arcmin;z&arcmin; primary standard stars are presented in § 5, and we discuss future extensions to this system in § 6.
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http://www-star.fnal.gov/ugriz/index.html
http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/AJ/journal/issues/v123n4/201445/201445.html
http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/AJ/journal/issues/v123n4/201445/datafile8.txt?erFrom=5988319058246786680Guest
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Hello,
Its a great concept of presenting the newly established standard-star network. I got a brief idea about the process of calibrating the SDSS photometric data. Thanks a lot and keep it up!
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